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en:bpi-r3:uboot [2022/08/20 17:14] – [booting kernel] franken:bpi-r3:uboot [2023/06/08 17:06] – external edit 127.0.0.1
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 +====== U-Boot ======
  
 +[[https://u-boot.readthedocs.io/en/latest/develop/release_cycle.html#current-status|Release cycle]]
 +
 +Mtk uboot: https://github.com/mtk-openwrt/u-boot
 +
 +Mtk atf: https://github.com/mtk-openwrt/arm-trusted-firmware
 +
 +My uboot: https://github.com/frank-w/u-boot/tree/2022-10-r3
 +===== building =====
 +
 +Uboot needs to build into atf bl33.
 +
 +  * https://github.com/frank-w/u-boot/tree/2022-10-r3
 +  * https://github.com/frank-w/u-boot/tree/r3-atf
 +
 +So basicly do these in both branches (first uboot then atf)
 +
 +  ./build.sh importconfig
 +  ./build.sh
 +
 +Then flash build/mt7986/release/ bl2.img to bl2-partition and fip.bin to fip-partition
 +
 +  sudo dd if=build/mt7986/release/bl2.img of=/dev/sdb1
 +  sudo dd if=build/mt7986/release/fip.bin of=/dev/sdb4
 +
 +ATF branch contains gpt file (gpt_sdmmc_100m6g.img) for flashing first and script to create basic image with bootchain
 +
 +  ./build.sh createimg
 +===== booting kernel =====
 +
 +
 +  setenv kaddr 0x46000000
 +  ls mmc 0:5
 +  fatload mmc 0:5 ${kaddr} bpi-r3-5.19.0-rc1-r3.itb
 +  #setenv bootargs "earlycon=uart8250,mmio32,0x11002000 console=ttyS0"
 +  bootm ${kaddr}
 +  
 +board seems to hang in 5.19-rc1 when console=ttyS0 is passed
 +
 +with my environment it is easy to boot kernel from usb
 +
 +  BPI-R3> usb start
 +  BPI-R3> setenv device usb #was mmc before
 +  BPI-R3> setenv partition 0:1 #was 0:5 before for mmc
 +  BPI-R3> setenv fit bpi-r3-sfp.itb #change filename if needed
 +  BPI-R3> run newboot #will load bpi-r3.itb
 +
 +load fip with alternate dtb (like from my current 5.19-r3 branch, second config contains emmc dtb)
 +
 +  BPI-R3> fatload usb 0:1 $loadaddr bpi-r3.itb
 +  17032308 bytes read in 1427 ms (11.4 MiB/s)
 +  BPI-R3> bootm ${loadaddr}#conf-2
 +
 +load external initrd (run before "run newboot"):
 +
 +  BPI-R3> setenv rdaddr 0x48000000
 +  BPI-R3> setenv root "/dev/ram0 rw"
 +  BPI-R3> setenv bootopts "debug=7 initrd=${rdaddr},20M"
 +  BPI-R3> fatload usb 0:1 ${rdaddr} rootfs.cpio.zst
 +
 +
 +latest uboot with usb, initrd and bootconf
 +
 +  BPI-R3> run useusb
 +  BPI-R3> setenv initrd rootfs.cpio.zst
 +  BPI-R3> setenv fit bpi-r3-sfp-no-rd.itb
 +  BPI-R3> setenv bootconf "#conf-2" #
 +  BPI-R3> run newboot
 +
 +  #using spi dt-overlay
 +  BPI-R3> setenv bootconf "#conf-sd-nor" #conf-sd-nor=sd base dts + nor dt overlay
 +
 +  setenv buildargs 'setenv bootargs "board=${board} earlycon=uart8250,mmio32,0x11002000  ${bootopts} root=${root}"'
 +===== bootmedium selection =====
 +
 +| |  top  ||  bottom  ||
 +| |sw1/A|sw2/B (spi/mmc)|sw5/C (nor/nand)|sw6/D (sd/emmc)|
 +|spim-nor|low|low|low|x|
 +|spim-nand|high|low|high|x|
 +|emmc|low|high|x|low|
 +|sd|high|high|x|high|
 +
 +To access emmc you need to go over spi-nand/nor:
 +
 +Bootup with sdcard (put spi-nand bl2 + fip with emmc-and usb-support as files on card) and flash them like described [[#nand_flash|here]] then boot from spi (sw2 to boot from spi-nand + change sw6 to have access to emmc) and then [[#writing_emmc|flash emmc]]. Finally change sw2 back to boot from emmc and sw1 has to be changed too.
 +===== nand flash =====
 +
 +https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/tree/arch/arm64/boot/dts/mediatek/mt7986a-bananapi-bpi-r3-nand.dtso
 +
 +<code>
 +BPI-R3> ls mmc 0:5
 + 17019020   bpi-r3.itb
 +   579401   fip_nand.bin
 +   217712   bl2_nand.img
 +
 +3 file(s), 0 dir(s)
 +
 +BPI-R3> mtd list
 +List of MTD devices:
 +* spi-nand0
 +  - device: spi_nand@1
 +  - parent: spi@1100a000
 +  - driver: spi_nand
 +  - path: /spi@1100a000/spi_nand@1
 +  - type: NAND flash
 +  - block size: 0x20000 bytes
 +  - min I/O: 0x800 bytes
 +  - OOB size: 64 bytes
 +  - OOB available: 24 bytes
 +  - 0x000000000000-0x000008000000 : "spi-nand0"
 +* nmbm0
 +  - type: Unknown
 +  - block size: 0x20000 bytes
 +  - min I/O: 0x800 bytes
 +  - OOB size: 64 bytes
 +  - OOB available: 24 bytes
 +  - 0x000000000000-0x000007800000 : "nmbm0"
 +          - 0x000000000000-0x000000100000 : "bl2"
 +          - 0x000000100000-0x000000180000 : "u-boot-env"
 +          - 0x000000180000-0x000000380000 : "factory"
 +          - 0x000000380000-0x000000580000 : "fip"
 +          - 0x000000580000-0x000004580000 : "ubi"
 +
 +BPI-R3> printenv loadaddr
 +loadaddr=0x46000000
 +
 +BPI-R3> mtd erase spi-nand0
 +Erasing 0x00000000 ... 0x07ffffff (1024 eraseblock(s))
 +BPI-R3> fatload mmc 0:5 $loadaddr bl2_nand.img
 +217712 bytes read in 24 ms (8.7 MiB/s)
 +BPI-R3> mtd write spi-nand0 $loadaddr 0x0 0x100000
 +Writing 1048576 byte(s) (512 page(s)) at offset 0x00000000
 +
 +BPI-R3> fatload mmc 0:5 $loadaddr fip_nand.bin
 +579401 bytes read in 60 ms (9.2 MiB/s)
 +BPI-R3> mtd write spi-nand0 $loadaddr 0x380000 0x200000
 +Writing 2097152 byte(s) (1024 page(s)) at offset 0x00380000
 +</code>
 +
 +===== nor flash =====
 +
 +https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/tree/arch/arm64/boot/dts/mediatek/mt7986a-bananapi-bpi-r3-nor.dtso
 +
 +<code>
 +MT7986> sf probe
 +SF: Detected w25q256 with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 32 MiB
 +MT7986> sf erase 0 0x180000
 +SF: 1572864 bytes @ 0x0 Erased: OK
 +MT7986> fatload usb 0:1 ${loadaddr} 2023.04/bpi-r3_nor_bl2.img
 +202160 bytes read in 21 ms (9.2 MiB/s)
 +MT7986> sf write ${loadaddr} 0 0x40000
 +device 0 offset 0x0, size 0x40000
 +SF: 262144 bytes @ 0x0 Written: OK
 +MT7986> fatload usb 0:1 ${loadaddr} 2023.04/bpi-r3_nor_fip.bin
 +255509 bytes read in 25 ms (9.7 MiB/s)
 +MT7986> sf write ${loadaddr} 0x100000 0x80000
 +device 0 offset 0x100000, size 0x80000
 +SF: 524288 bytes @ 0x100000 Written: OK
 +</code>
 +
 +if you get this error on bootup
 +
 +  NOTICE:  BL31: Built : 20:24:28, Apr  5 2023                                    
 +  No valid device tree binary found at 0000000041e92f20                           
 +  initcall sequence 0000000041e621a8 failed at call 0000000041e57800 (err=-2)     
 +  ### ERROR ### Please RESET the board ###
 +
 +you need to compress bl31
 +
 +  xz -f -e -k -9 -C crc32 u-boot.bin
 +
 +and use the resulting u-boot.bin.xz as BL33
 +
 +==== kernel/initrd ====
 +
 +currently untested...
 +
 +<code>
 +label = "recovery"; //initrd max 10MB
 +reg = <0x180000 0xa80000>;
 +
 +label = "fit"; //kernel max 20MB
 +reg = <0xc00000 0x1400000>;
 +</code>
 +
 +<code>
 +MT7986> sf probe
 +SF: Detected w25q256 with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 32 MiB
 +MT7986> sf erase 0x180000 0xa80000
 +SF: 11010048 bytes @ 0x180000 Erased: OK
 +MT7986> fatload usb 0:1 ${loadaddr} rootfs_bpi-r3.cpio.zst
 +9501203 bytes read in 798 ms (11.4 MiB/s)
 +MT7986> sf write ${loadaddr} 0x180000 ${filesize}
 +device 0 offset 0x180000, size 0x90fa13
 +SF: 9501203 bytes @ 0x180000 Written: OK
 +MT7986> sf erase 0xc00000 0x1400000
 +SF: 20971520 bytes @ 0xc00000 Erased: OK
 +MT7986> fatload usb 0:1 ${loadaddr} bpi-r3-6.1.itb
 +8424540 bytes read in 708 ms (11.3 MiB/s)
 +MT7986> sf write ${loadaddr} 0xc00000 ${filesize}                               
 +device 0 offset 0xc00000, size 0x808c5c                                         
 +SF: 8424540 bytes @ 0xc00000 Written: OK
 +</code>
 +
 +loading it:
 +
 +<code>
 +MT7986> setenv useinitrd 'setenv root "/dev/ram0 rw";setenv bootopts "${bootopts} initrd=${rdaddr},20M";'
 +MT7986> sf read ${rdaddr} 0x180000 0xa80000
 +device 0 offset 0x180000, size 0xa80000
 +SF: 11010048 bytes @ 0x180000 Read: OK
 +MT7986> sf read ${kaddr} 0xc00000 0x1400000
 +device 0 offset 0xc00000, size 0x1400000
 +SF: 20971520 bytes @ 0xc00000 Read: OK
 +MT7986> setenv bootnor 'run useinitrd;run setbootconf; run buildargs; bootm ${kaddr}${bootconf};'
 +MT7986> run bootnor
 +</code>
 +===== usb =====
 +
 +<code>
 +BPI-R3> usb start
 +starting USB...
 +Bus xhci@11200000: xhci-mtk xhci@11200000: hcd: 0x0000000011200000, ippc: 0x0000
 +xhci-mtk xhci@11200000: ports disabled mask: u3p-0x0, u2p-0x0
 +xhci-mtk xhci@11200000: u2p:2, u3p:1
 +Register 300010f NbrPorts 3
 +Starting the controller
 +USB XHCI 1.10
 +scanning bus xhci@11200000 for devices... 3 USB Device(s) found
 +       scanning usb for storage devices... 1 Storage Device(s) found
 +BPI-R3> ls usb 0:1
 +            efi/
 +  1023582   ramdisk.img
 +  1365903   initrd.img
 +  2956137   install.img
 + 456908800   system.sfs
 +  4767728   kernel
 +
 +5 file(s), 1 dir(s)
 +
 +BPI-R3>
 +</code>
 +
 +from testing usb-sockets near gpio-header (connected to an usb2-hub):
 +
 +<code>
 +BPI-R3> usb tree                                                                
 +USB device tree:                                                                
 +  1  Hub (5 Gb/s, 0mA)                                                          
 +  |  U-Boot XHCI Host Controller                                                
 +  |                                                                             
 +  +-2  Hub (480 Mb/s, 100mA)                                                    
 +    |   USB 2.0 Hub                                                             
 +    |                                                                           
 +    +-3  Mass Storage (480 Mb/s, 200mA)                                         
 +         USB      Flash Disk       906B030002F4 
 +</code>
 +===== writing emmc =====
 +
 +get emmc/gpt information:
 +<hidden>
 +<code>
 +BPI-R3> mmc info
 +Device: mmc@11230000
 +Manufacturer ID: 11
 +OEM: 0
 +Name: 008GB0
 +Bus Speed: 52000000
 +Mode: MMC High Speed (52MHz)
 +Rd Block Len: 512
 +MMC version 5.1
 +High Capacity: Yes
 +Capacity: 7.3 GiB
 +Bus Width: 8-bit
 +Erase Group Size: 512 KiB
 +HC WP Group Size: 4 MiB
 +User Capacity: 7.3 GiB WRREL
 +Boot Capacity: 4 MiB ENH
 +RPMB Capacity: 4 MiB ENH
 +Boot area 0 is not write protected
 +Boot area 1 is not write protected
 +
 +BPI-R3> gpt read mmc 0
 +Partition 1:
 +Start 0MiB, size 0MiB
 +Block size 512, name gpt
 +Type U-Boot, bootable 0
 +UUID df7a38f6-9df4-11ec-a1e0-1c1b0d6d28f5
 +
 +Partition 2:
 +Start 4MiB, size 0MiB
 +Block size 512, name u-boot-env
 +Type U-Boot, bootable 0
 +UUID 19a4763a-6b19-4a4b-a0c4-8cc34f4c2ab9
 +
 +Partition 3:
 +Start 4MiB, size 2MiB
 +Block size 512, name factory
 +Type U-Boot, bootable 0
 +UUID 8142c1b2-1697-41d9-b1bf-a88d76c7213f
 +
 +Partition 4:
 +Start 6MiB, size 2MiB
 +Block size 512, name fip
 +Type U-Boot, bootable 0
 +UUID 18de6587-4f17-4e08-a6c9-d9d3d424f4c5
 +
 +Partition 5:
 +Start 8MiB, size 32MiB
 +Block size 512, name kernel
 +Type U-Boot, bootable 0
 +UUID 971f7556-ef1a-44cd-8b28-0cf8100b9c7e
 +
 +Partition 6:
 +Start 40MiB, size 256MiB
 +Block size 512, name rootfs
 +Type U-Boot, bootable 0
 +UUID 309a3e76-270b-41b2-b5d5-ed8154e7542b
 +
 +success!
 +</code>
 +</hidden>
 +
 +load gpt file and flash it
 +<code>
 +BPI-R3> usb start
 +starting USB...
 +Bus xhci@11200000: xhci-mtk xhci@11200000: hcd: 0x0000000011200000, ippc: 0x0000
 +xhci-mtk xhci@11200000: ports disabled mask: u3p-0x0, u2p-0x0
 +xhci-mtk xhci@11200000: u2p:2, u3p:1
 +Register 300010f NbrPorts 3
 +Starting the controller
 +USB XHCI 1.10
 +scanning bus xhci@11200000 for devices... 3 USB Device(s) found
 +       scanning usb for storage devices... 1 Storage Device(s) found
 +BPI-R3> ls usb 0:1
 +            efi/
 +  1365903   initrd.img
 +  2956137   install.img
 +  4767728   kernel
 +   606240   uboot_mtk_emmc_usb.bin
 +   217712   bl2_snand_usb.img
 +   631937   fip_snand_usb.bin
 +   634345   fip_emmc_usb.bin
 +   601344   uboot_emmc_usb.bin
 +    17408   gpt_emmc_100m6g.img
 +   200072   bl2_emmc_usb.img
 + 17032308   bpi-r3.itb
 +
 +11 file(s), 1 dir(s)
 +
 +BPI-R3> fatload usb 0:1 $loadaddr gpt_emmc_100m6g.img
 +17408 bytes read in 4 ms (4.2 MiB/s)
 +BPI-R3> mmc erase 0x0 0x400;mmc write ${loadaddr} 0x0 0x400
 +
 +MMC erase: dev # 0, block # 0, count 1024 ... 1024 blocks erased: OK
 +
 +MMC write: dev # 0, block # 0, count 1024 ... 1024 blocks written: OK
 +</code>
 +verify gpt is changed (kernel is now 100MiB - 32 before, rootfs 6144MiB - 256 before):
 +<hidden>
 +<code>
 +BPI-R3> gpt read mmc 0
 +Partition 1:
 +Start 0MiB, size 0MiB
 +Block size 512, name gpt
 +Type U-Boot, bootable 0
 +UUID 4a32da88-f334-11ec-94f0-112beaedcdcb
 +
 +Partition 2:
 +Start 4MiB, size 0MiB
 +Block size 512, name u-boot-env
 +Type U-Boot, bootable 0
 +UUID 19a4763a-6b19-4a4b-a0c4-8cc34f4c2ab9
 +
 +Partition 3:
 +Start 4MiB, size 2MiB
 +Block size 512, name factory
 +Type U-Boot, bootable 0
 +UUID 8142c1b2-1697-41d9-b1bf-a88d76c7213f
 +
 +Partition 4:
 +Start 6MiB, size 2MiB
 +Block size 512, name fip
 +Type U-Boot, bootable 0
 +UUID 18de6587-4f17-4e08-a6c9-d9d3d424f4c5
 +
 +Partition 5:
 +Start 8MiB, size 100MiB
 +Block size 512, name kernel
 +Type U-Boot, bootable 0
 +UUID 971f7556-ef1a-44cd-8b28-0cf8100b9c7e
 +
 +Partition 6:
 +Start 108MiB, size 6144MiB
 +Block size 512, name rootfs
 +Type U-Boot, bootable 0
 +UUID 309a3e76-270b-41b2-b5d5-ed8154e7542b
 +
 +success!
 +BPI-R3>
 +</code>
 +</hidden>
 +
 +now flash bl2 to boot0 block and fip to fip partition
 +
 +short way using my environment:
 +<code>
 +MT7986> setenv bl2file 2023.04/bpi-r3_emmc_bl2.img                                                                                                                                          
 +MT7986> setenv fipfile 2023.04/bpi-r3_emmc_fip.bin                                                                                                                                          
 +MT7986> run wremmc                                                                                                                                                                          
 +bl2file=2023.04/bpi-r3_emmc_bl2.img                                                                                                                                                         
 +195976 bytes read in 20 ms (9.3 MiB/s)                                                                                                                                                      
 +                                                                                                                                                                                            
 +MMC erase: dev # 0, block # 0, count 1024 ... 1024 blocks erased: OK                                                                                                                        
 +                                                                                                                                                                                            
 +MMC write: dev # 0, block # 0, count 1024 ... 1024 blocks written: OK                                                                                                                       
 +fipfile=2023.04/bpi-r3_emmc_fip.bin                                                                                                                                                         
 +645001 bytes read in 58 ms (10.6 MiB/s)                                                                                                                                                     
 +                                                                                                                                                                                            
 +MMC erase: dev # 0, block # 13312, count 4096 ... 4096 blocks erased: OK                                                                                                                    
 +                                                                                                                                                                                            
 +MMC write: dev # 0, block # 13312, count 4096 ... 4096 blocks written: OK
 +</code>
 +manual way:
 +<hidden>
 +<code>
 +BPI-R3> mmc dev 0
 +switch to partitions #0, OK
 +mmc0(part 0) is current device
 +#switch to boot0 block
 +BPI-R3> mmc partconf 0 1 1 1
 +BPI-R3> mmc erase 0x0 0x400
 +BPI-R3> fatload usb 0:1 $loadaddr bl2_emmc_usb.img
 +200072 bytes read in 19 ms (10 MiB/s)
 +BPI-R3> mmc write ${loadaddr} 0x0 0x400
 +
 +MMC write: dev # 0, block # 0, count 1024 ... 1024 blocks written: OK
 +#switch back to user-partition
 +BPI-R3> mmc partconf 0 1 1 0
 +
 +#fip partition starts at blockoffset 0x3400 (start-value from json 13312 in hex)
 +BPI-R3> mmc erase 0x3400 0x1000
 +
 +MMC erase: dev # 0, block # 13312, count 4096 ... 4096 blocks erased: OK
 +BPI-R3> fatload usb 0:1 $loadaddr fip_emmc_usb.bin
 +634345 bytes read in 55 ms (11 MiB/s)
 +BPI-R3> mmc write ${loadaddr} 0x3400 0x1000
 +
 +MMC write: dev # 0, block # 13312, count 4096 ... 4096 blocks written: OK
 +BPI-R3>
 +</code>
 +</hidden>
 +
 +If boot from emmc does not work,maybe bootbus needs to be changed to 0:
 +
 +  mmc bootbus 0 0 0 0
 +
 +
 +instead of writing the gpt image file you can bootup a linux with initrd
 +
 +you get all files here: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1ZsJ2jsOieg_6HM4LHWUimROX5p5Kx7vo?usp=share_link
 +
 +  BPI-R3> run useusb
 +  BPI-R3> setenv initrd rootfs.cpio.zst                                                                                                                                      
 +  BPI-R3> setenv fit bpi-r3.itb
 +  BPI-R3> run newboot
 +
 +and create gpt like i do it for [[https://github.com/frank-w/u-boot/blob/mtk-atf/build.sh#L114|sdcard]], original gpt uses same values for partitions and use a partition named gpt (0..33) instead of bl2 (34..8191)
 +
 +<code>
 +sudo sgdisk -o ${LDEV}
 +#sudo sgdisk -a 1 -n 1:34:8191 -A 1:set:2 -t 1:8300 -c 1:"bl2" ${LDEV} #sdcard only
 +sudo sgdisk -a 1 -n 1:0:33 -A 1:set:2 -t 1:8300 -c 1:"gpt" ${LDEV} #emmc only
 +sudo sgdisk -a 1 -n 2:8192:9215 -t 2:8300 -c 2:"u-boot-env" ${LDEV}
 +sudo sgdisk -a 1 -n 3:9216:13311 -t 3:8300 -c 3:"factory" ${LDEV}
 +sudo sgdisk -a 1 -n 4:13312:17407 -t 4:8300 -c 4:"fip" ${LDEV}
 +sudo sgdisk -a 1024 -n 5:17408:${bootend} -t 5:8300 -c 5:"boot" ${LDEV}
 +sudo sgdisk -a 1024 -n 6:${rootstart}:${rootend} -t 6:8300 -c 6:"rootfs" ${LDEV}
 +</code>
 +===== chainload uboot =====
 +
 +u-boot.bin (without mtk header and not fip) can be chainloaded from another
 +uboot for testing uboot-features without flashing
 +
 +<code>
 +BPI-R3> fatload usb 0:1 $loadaddr uboot_emmc_usb.bin
 +601344 bytes read in 52 ms (11 MiB/s)
 +BPI-R3> go $loadaddr
 +## Starting application at 0x46000000 ...
 +
 +U-Boot 2022.04-00557-g726479add2f1 (Jul 05 2022 - 18:14:31 +0200)
 +</code>
en/bpi-r3/uboot.txt · Last modified: 2024/04/07 09:39 by frank